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Ailleurs dans le monde @en Marketing @en

How to create a personalized guest experience

They may be working with standardized products, but major hotel chains are making an effort to personalize the guest experience. To do so, they are leveraging big data generated by traffic on their Websites and social media accounts, as well as their direct communications with customers. Furthermore, this approach is absolutely available to independent hotels as well. Here is an overview of some best practices for hotels, proposed by marketing firm Cendyn.

 

Pre-arrival: Lay the groundwork

It requires little effort to send personalized reservation confirmation emails. These messages must be short, address customers by name, indicate the booking dates, and include a few words affirming that the customers are expected. This sets the stage for a personalized experience and raises the guests’ level of enthusiasm.

Hoteliers can follow this with another email a few weeks before the scheduled arrival date, to help customers plan their stay. This message could include:

  • links to activities or services (restaurants or a spa, for example) either on-site or in the area, as well as the option to reserve;
  • an opportunity to upgrade the room;
  • detailed special information like an extra bed or any allergies;
  • a short survey to determine the traveller profile, interests and purpose of visit.

For example, here is part of the pre-arrival survey used by the Four Seasons Resort in Scottsdale, Arizona.

Personnaliser_questionnaire_Profil_client_FourSeason

Source: Four Seasons

Several days before arrival, hoteliers can send a third email highlighting:

  • reservation details (room, restaurant, spa, etc.);
  • an overview of any events occurring on-site during the stay;
  • the weather forecast.

Take advantage of these opportunities to showcase your products and thus increase revenues. Remember, most email is read on mobile devices, so make sure your content is easy to read on a small screen.

A virtual concierge

In lieu of administering a pre-arrival survey, the Virgin Hotels chain lets customers share their preferences on the Lucy app. With this virtual concierge, users can indicate their ideal overnight room temperature, the number of extra pillows required and whether they are a foodie, for example. The hotel can thus adjust the thermostat at night and notify the customer if there is a gourmet event like a public market in the area.

Concierge_virtuel_Virgins_hotels

During the stay: Take action!

Once you have gathered information about customer preferences, the tone is set and expectations are high. It is now time to follow through at the operational level. Staff on duty must be informed about customers, before they arrive.

A daily meeting

Every morning, front desk staff can meet to review the files of all the customers arriving that day, or at least the VIPs, in the case of larger establishments. These files should provide the following information:

  • customer name and any special information noted from the pre-arrival survey and prior email exchanges;
  • number and frequency of past visits;
  • products and services consumed during previous stays.

This will ensure that employees are properly prepared to offer a personalized welcome to each and every customer.

Digital communications

After customers have checked in (at the front desk or virtually), the hotel can send a welcome email or text message, depending on their preferred method of communication. This should be short and sweet, reiterating that the staff are at their disposal. During the stay, the hotel can send other targeted messages—but not too many!—that can encourage spending. For example, a microbrew fan could be offered a complimentary drink. The guest will feel special and may order a meal or another drink.

Post-stay: Capitalize on the experience

Hotels must now send post-stay emails to thank customers for their business and invite them to post a comment on an online review site and answer a short customer satisfaction survey. In addition to doing this necessary follow-up, hoteliers must add any information about the establishment reported by customers to their file; this includes posts shared on social media. These data can be used to personalize a future stay, as well as strengthen customer-hotel relationships.

For example, having noted that a yoga enthusiast had published a photo of herself on Instagram during her stay at a Kimpton Hotel Group property, the company sent her a new yoga mat at home.

To cultivate the relationship, hoteliers can send customers birthday wishes, invitations to join their loyalty program or information about upcoming events that correspond to their profile. Don’t over-use promotional messages, but do send exclusive discounts and unique products before they are widely advertised.

Personalize to enhance one’s reputation

Personalized services lead to customer satisfaction and foster loyalty. Satisfied customers will tell their friends and families, as well as spread the word on social media and online review sites. It is in the best interest of hoteliers to develop strategies for gathering and effectively using data about their customers to develop a mutually beneficial relationship.

Image on first page: Pixabay

 

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Ailleurs dans le monde @en etourism and technology

Evaluating the Quality of Digital Hospitality

Destinations the world over must adapt their practices to the changing behaviours of their clients with ever-evolving technological needs. A study done by TCI Research shows that traveller satisfaction with the quality of digital hospitality is at the level of “acceptable,” but just barely. Will destinations be ready to properly meet client expectations in 2013?

This analysis is based on the data gathered by the worldwide TRAVELSAT Competitive Index survey, conducted by the Belgian firm TCI Research, measuring the competitiveness of destinations based on the experiences of nearly 30,000 tourists from more than 30 countries. They were polled in 2011 and 2012 on 80 indexes (see complete list at http://tci-research.com/travelsat-list-indexes/). Of those, only the index concerning digital hospitality will be examined here. Survey respondents were asked to evaluate their impressions of the availability, accessibility, and quality of the content and services offered via various mobile devices.

On-site Internet hospitality

The concept of Internet hospitality at the destination (related reading: Internet de séjour : « Bonjour, que nous suggérez-vous aujourd’hui? ») is increasingly transforming the notion of offering hospitality to a client base that makes massive use of smart phones and e-tablets. Listed among the 13 trends of 2013 in the January Gueuleton touristique, organized by the Transat Chair in Tourism of UQAM’s ESG, in cooperation with Tourisme Montréal, on-site Internet hospitality creates numerous challenges for tourism offices and other organizations involved in providing hospitality to guests and tourists.

How do we evaluate the quality of digital hospitality around the world? Do digital services offered to visitors meet expectations? The TRAVELSAT survey finds that overall, the satisfaction index with the quality of digital hospitality stands at just barely over 100 – indicating that it is acceptable, but does not always exceed expectations (see the five index levels in Table 1).

Qualite_accueil_anglais_tableau1

Note: This rating is indicative only (the progress from one level to the next being gradual) and does not apply to criteria of satisfaction relating to prices, which by their very nature find less favour with clients.

Level of satisfaction according to various criteria

Generation Y travellers (ages 25 to 34) seem slightly more satisfied with digital hospitality than those of other age groups (see Graph 1). When travellers in general spend between 4 and 7 nights at their destination, their needs are clearly met more fully (130) than those who stay between 1 and 3 nights (93) and 8 nights or more (111).

Qualite_accueil_anglais_graphique1

Newlyweds on their honeymoon, shopping enthusiasts, and business travellers (MICE) express the highest level of satisfaction with digital hospitality (see Graph 2). Their experience even exceeds their expectations. At the other end of the spectrum, people whose stay is built around religious tourism often expressed the strongest dissatisfaction of all groups represented.

Qualite_accueil_anglais_graphique2

Survey respondents were especially satisfied with the digital hospitality in New Zealand, Australia, the United States and Canada (see Graph 3). These countries offer an experience that is more competitive than most European destinations. Travellers who visited Latin America mentioned, among other aspects, issues with consistency of quality, which explains the low satisfaction index.

Qualite_accueil_anglais_graphique3

Note: For clarification of destination composition, see Table 2.

Qualite_accueil_anglais_tableau2

Individuals from the BRIC countries – Brazil, Russia, India and China – are those who most appreciated the digital hospitality they experienced during their trips (see Graph 4). We can surmise that technology devices are an effective way to overcome communication issues and that they can facilitate the initiation to a new destination. On the other hand, the expectations of Europeans were not completely met, which translates into less positive feedback.

Qualite_accueil_anglais_graphique4

In terms of satisfaction with digital hospitality relating to the principal activities practiced by visitors, we do not see a wide variation in the indexes (see Graph 5); the majority of travellers find it acceptable. We notice that satisfaction levels rise when it comes to the specific character of the segment under study (golf, theatre, sporting event, etc.); destinations could easily justify focusing their content on activities which motivate travellers to visit.

Qualite_accueil_anglais_graphique5

Influencers (or trend-setters) on the web, who are very active in social media, report a higher level of satisfaction than other client segments (see Graph 6). Better equipped and informed than the average, this group of individuals knows how to make the most of available applications once they’re at their destination.

Qualite_accueil_anglais_graphique6

When we see how enthusiastically the more seasoned travellers (influencers on the web) embrace technology, we can ask ourselves about the correlation between level of knowledge and interest and level of satisfaction with digital hospitality. Being accustomed to services offered on the web, many influencers will even choose certain applications and digital services before arriving at their destination, which allows them to make more use and to better appreciate their devices upon arrival.

Tourism organizations and travellers alike are in the process of adapting to new technologies. The learning curve and the use of online tools are not the same for everyone, which is why we find ourselves in a transition period where a balance must be found between the services offered digitally and those provided personally by the industry’s players.

Sources:

–Transat Chair in Tourism, UQAM ESG and Tourisme Montréal. Gueuleton touristique, « Les 13 tendances de l’industrie touristique pour 2013».

– TCI Research. TRAVELSAT Competitive Index, 2011-2012.

 

Comment – Olivier Henry-Biabaud

The study simply reminds us that the appeal of technology is one thing, but the relevance of content is another. We still have a good way to go before the two can converge. What good is it for smart phones to have a myriad of apps from all sorts of operators within easy reach if what you really need at a crucial time is not available? Some apps are intriguing; some enable you to scan the exterior façade of a hotel to know if rooms are available. But how many tourists look for accommodations after arriving at their destination? The digital age is profoundly changing the way tourists plan their trips and live the travel experience, but we are yet again reminded that the actual experience is the sum total of hundreds of tangible and intangible points of contact (material, commercial, human and digital) that are all occasions for a destination to score points with visitors.

In the future, the most competitive destinations will likely be those that manage to strike the seamless balance of human and digital hospitality, to enrich the experience of the visit without virtualizing it, and to offer applications that are consistent throughout the visitor’s stay. Infomediation is an enormous challenge for destination management organizations (DMOs), which must strive to guide their visitors through this “jungle” before and during the stay.

Olivier Henry-Biabaud – TCI Research
Olivier_Henry_BiabaudOlivier Henry-Biabaud founded TCI Research in 2010. With a Master’s degree in Marketing Strategy (Paris Dauphine University, Sciences-Po Paris), he has 20 years of experience in international market research with global companies (TNS, Ipsos) in senior operational and management positions based in various locations. A specialist in international travelers’ opinion, he has been in charge of large-scale research programs measuring traveler satisfaction and destination competitiveness for over 50 countries, regions, cities and international tourism organizations. He is a regular speaker in international forums about tourism competitiveness, a member of the UNTWO Panel of Tourism Experts and its Knowledge Network, and a board member of the TTRA – Tourism and Travel Research Association (Europe Chapter).Website: www.tci-research.com
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Ailleurs dans le monde @en

Examples of best practices for improving accessibility

From train stations to youth hostels and tourism offices, best practices in accessibility are now in place in France, thanks to the Law of February 11, 2005, which promotes the equality of rights and opportunities, participation and citizenship of people with disabilities. This law, in effect, recognizes the principle of accessibility for all, regardless of disability.

What are best practices in tourism accessibility?

According to a report carried out by Kéroul, in cooperation with the Canadian Tourism Commission, best practices in tourism accessibility must:

  • Foster accessibility with short-, medium- and long-term actions involving destinations and municipalities as well as tourism organizations.
  • Be transferable, that is, reproducible as is or with adaptation.
  • Inspire action by highlighting the importance of acting « outside the box, » for example, by bringing together new players and mobilizing them around common issues.
  • Encourage involvement of public and private organizations.
  • Address real needs.

In France, six criteria were used to help determine the selection of 14 exemplary accessibility projects, out of the 220 submitted to the Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and Housing:

  • Quality of use
  • Quality of urban planning, aesthetics and innovation
  • Safety
  • Environmental quality
  • Governance and cooperation
  • Overall structure of the project

The 14 best examples were published in the Compendium of best practices for making cities more accessible (Recueil de belles pratiques et de bons usages en matière d’accessibilité de la cité) and we present some of them below.

Auberge de jeunesse l’Escale

The Escale project meets the needs of all types of impairments: mobility, visual, audio or intellectual. During the Bonnes_pratiques_handicapes_ang_image1construction stage, this youth hostel opted for integrated accessibility, which means adaptations are only perceived by the users who need them. « Ordinary » clients will not notice the following: the pattern of lobby tiles, some of which are coarse-grained, indicates a path; toilets are installed on darker backgrounds so they can be seen by people with visual disabilities; the signage combining text and images was created largely for those with intellectual disabilities; the elevators talk and doors have low threshold heights. The Dunkerque urban community managed to involve all the partners in the project, particularly the development company and the future operator.

Vanoise National Park mountain hut

Plan du Lac, a mountain hut built in the Maurienne valley at an altitude of 2351 m, was designed to be accessible to people with mobility or visual impairments. It features adapted bathrooms, special signage (panels with raised letters, audio tactile tools), inclined surfaces, an exterior ramp and specially arranged furniture. Visitors can also borrow a device that transforms a city wheelchair into an « all-terrain » wheelchair (see picture), as well as audio guides and booklets for people with visual impairments. All the local players—elected officials, technicians and associations—worked very closely together to create Plan du Lac.

http://youtu.be/L_XVcFaVko0

Gîtes Les Salicornes

This holiday rental offers two kinds of accommodation: one is adapted for the four types of disabilities, while the Bonnes_pratiques_handicapes_ang_image2other is for mental and hearing disabilities. Access to the lodgings is facilitated by a parking lot with compacted ground, access ramps, an absence of door thresholds and paths with tactile elements in contrasting colours. The bathroom, kitchen and bedrooms are fully adapted, thanks to features like grab bars, contrasting colours, low furniture on wheels, and plugs and light switches positioned at the proper height.

The quality services and high degree of accessibility enable travellers with disabilities to enjoy a vacation home with as much autonomy as possible.

Saint-Cloud/Val d’Or train station

In February 2006, the SNCF (French rail company) created an advisory council of people with disabilities or reduced mobility from eight national associations representing all types of disabilities. The Saint-Cloud/Val d’Or train station project was the result of this cooperation. It includes a new footbridge that overlooks all the tracks and connects the two platforms, which were completely renovated and outfitted, along the edges, with tactile warning strips. Passengers can access the footbridge via elevator or escalator. The train station features the following facilities and accommodations:

  • An arrow with an audible alert to help people with visual impairments navigate within the train station
  • Double indicator strips that are recognized and reassuring for people with visual, mental or intellectual impairments
  • Ramps to facilitate the movements of people with reduced mobility and those encumbered with luggage or strollers
  • A virtual character named Jade, who translates any audio announcements into French Sign Language

Bonnes_pratiques_handicapes_ang_image3

Source: developpement-durable.gouv.fr

 

Office de tourism/Vitrine des métiers d’arts in Villedieu-les-Poêles

When the tourism office/showroom for handicrafts was built in Villedieu-les-Poêles, it was designed to be accessible in every way. It features physical accommodations aimed at all disabilities, as well as adapted pedagogical tools for visitors (tactile tours, Braille guides, portable induction loop systems in all the rooms to enable hearing aid users to hear more clearly, etc.) and special staff training. Initially designed for members of the public with disabilities, some of the features are now offered to everyone: guided tours, interactive games for people with intellectual impairments and improvements to the visual comfort of exhibition spaces.

Bonnes_pratiques_handicapes_ang_image4

The grounds of the building were renovated to facilitate access and connect it to downtown and other nearby facilities via a safe, accessible route.

In France, there were 5,000 certified sites in 2011 (30% of rental homes and furnished apartments, 12% of hotels, 17% of holiday accommodations and 10% of heritage sites). In Québec, the Accessible Road includes 170 cultural and tourism establishments such as hotels, theme parks, heritage sites, cultural attractions, tourist information sites, gardens and nature parks. In the United States, tourism accessibility should increase with the March 2012 implementation of new guidelines for places like hotels, airlines and attractions, the goal of which is to increase accessibility for people with disabilities and make it easier for them to travel. There are surely other examples of best practices. Do you know of any? Let us know by leaving us a comment at the bottom of this article.

 

Sources:

– Kéroul and Canadian Tourism Commission. « Best Practices in Tourism Accessibility for Travellers with Restricted Physical Ability, » APEC Tourism Working Group, October 2003.

– Masson, Annette. « Tourisme et handicaps : déjà 10 ans et 5,000 sites labélisés« , handicap.fr, December 1, 2011.

– Michaud, Annick. « Accessibilité aux divers handicaps : des lauriers pour L’Escale« , La Voix du Nord, March 14, 2012.

– Ministère de l’Écologie, du Développement durable, des Transports et du Logement. « Recueil des belles pratiques and des bons usages« , developpement-durable.gouv.fr, consulted March 23, 2012.

Web sites:

– Gîtes Les Salicornes

– Vanoise National Park

Catégories
Ailleurs dans le monde @en Products and activities

What’s new in tourist routes

This article was inspired by Ms. Marie-Pierre Langis, project leader for the Circuit gourmand, la nature aux mille délices, who submitted the topic as part of the contest to select the 1000th TIN analysis. Our thanks to everyone who took part, as well as our partner, Air Transat!

Thematic tourist routes abound in Quebec and around the world; there are routes to discover vineyards, cider, flowers, whales, heritage, history, the farming community, the arts and the St. Lawrence. Visitors can explore them on their own, guided and informed by a GPS, an MP3 player or a smart phone; the number of formats available is on the rise. Technology is enhancing the appeal of this type of tourist product, offering a wealth of possibilities in addition to meeting the needs of autonomous yet demanding tourists who seek experiences related to their personal interests. Welcome to a “tour” of some innovating and inspiring initiatives, as well as some of the factors behind their success. Happy trails!

What exactly is a tourist route?

A tourist route follows an itinerary featuring various sites of interest to tourists. The term “tourist circuit” is most often associated with a loop, while a “route” usually has different starting and ending points. However, these terms are not limited exclusively to these definitions. Routes vary widely in length, content and mode of transport (e.g., on foot, by bike, car or coach). Some are comprised of attractions aimed at the general public, while others group together sites of interest to a niche market.

In urban, near-urban and rural environments, tourist routes and circuits are an ideal vehicle for systematically developing and marketing a carefully planned tourism product. A means for local stakeholders to work together, routes also give regions, which are sometimes off the beaten path, an opportunity to differentiate themselves and attract new visitors. At the same time, travellers enjoy being presented with a number of clearly identified activities along the way that correspond to their interests.

A comprehensive, planned and systematic strategy

Tourism Queensland, in Australia, offers a perfect example of good management practice. This organization developed a strategy to plan the development of tourist routes within its territory and guide tourism-based businesses in the steps to follow. In the case of Queensland, we are talking about self-guided drive routes. The organization has made its guide available online: Developing & Marketing Tourism Drive Routes. Written for all stakeholders involved in planning a tourist route, this document discusses the possible benefits of a tourist route, but also mentions what it cannot do:

  • single-handedly solve all the problems facing a region’s tourism industry
  • provide a substitute for low-quality tourism products
  • easily promote a region
  • be developed quickly and inexpensively

According to Tourism Queensland, the partners involved in a thematic tourist route must make a commitment and, although they can be used to represent a large number of products, a single bad experience can ruin the reputation of all the participants along the route. After explaining how tourist routes work and listing the pitfalls to avoid, the guide provides a flow chart of the entire process, listing all the steps involved and the organizations to consult at each stage. By taking the reins, Tourism Queensland is helping ensure that its tourist routes are developed systematically and are of high quality.

Effective marketing relies on technology

A route’s use of effective marketing technology is increasingly a factor in its success. Well-equipped visitors–and there are more and more of them–want to be self-sufficient and appreciate being given the means to do so. At the very least, a route must have a Website with dynamic mapping and the option of printing the map. Many destinations now provide MP3 audio guides for download. Now, however, mobile technology is becoming indispensable, thanks to the myriad possibilities it offers. Several destinations have developed mobile applications or created Websites that enable users to view the route directly on their smart phone or GPS, locate businesses through augmented reality or even access a wealth of information simply by scanning 2D barcodes (Flashcode).

For more information on these technological tools, please see:

Le Web mobile, choisir sa présence et sa stratégie marketing

GPS et tourisme: Suivez la direction!

La réalité augmentée au service de l’expérience client

La démocratisation des audioguides: l’ère du numérique

Les «mutations génétiques» du code-barres traditionnel ouvrent des horizons au tourisme

Some eloquent examples

The Route des vins de Bordeaux en Graves et Sauternes Website suggests itineraries that encompass a number of wine-themed regional attractions. Simple and easy to use, the site features a dynamic map illustrating the location of the selected itinerary’s attractions, or visitors can use the map to plan their very own route. Local tourism bureaus also rent out multimedia GPS units to visitors, who can then follow a route at their own pace, receive alerts when they get close to a site of interest and view nearby restaurants. They can also create their own route by selecting the types of sites that interest them. A personalized, self-guided tour enabled by technology—now that’s a 21st-century tourism product!

Tourist_routes_Carte1

Tarn Tourisme, another French organization, offers a free iPhone application that presents seven tourist circuits for exploring the region by car. Travellers follow a map identifying the attractions or a list of steps displayed on their cell phone screen and get information from the videos, audio commentary and photos provided by the application. Certain stages of the route feature a family quiz. This is an excellent way to motivate children when sightseeing, for the teams with the best results of the week win prizes! For more details, view the Tarn Tourism video (in French) that introduces the mobile application.

Tarn_circuits_touristiques

Source : Tourisme-tarn.com

Strength in numbers

To improve and better coordinate the promotion of tourism in their regions, five Wallon provinces in Belgium have developed several initiatives, including Tourisme GPS, a collection of more than 170 multimedia GPS tourist circuits downloadable from the Website. Visitors input their preferences, such as mode of transport, geographic area or starting city, use key words or select a route from a list of favourites.

Tourisme_gps

Source: Tourismegps.be

Factors of success

Taken from various studies on the topic (see the sources listed at the end of this article), the prerequisites below are key elements for the development of a successful tourist route or circuit. Stakeholders must have:

  • a well-established high-quality resource to provide a focus or theme
  • familiarity with the target clientele
  • cooperation among the stakeholders involved
  • a clear, shared vision the image to project
  • a sufficient number of businesses and attractions
  • high-quality tourism products
  • a consistent level of quality from one supplier to another
  • quality controls
  • a common time schedule
  • effective signage
  • complementary tourism services and infrastructure (toilet facilities, regional tourist information, accommodations, restaurants, etc.)
  • a dedicated resource to provide a framework for the member businesses
  • a publicist
  • high-quality promotional tools with attractive visuals
  • creative use of technology

The situation in Quebec

Tourisme Québec lists some 46 thematic tourist routes and circuits, while the Association de l’agrotourisme et du tourisme gourmand (formerly the Fédération des Agricotours du Québec) proposes forty or so on its site under the heading “Québec Routes and Circuits for Food Lovers.” There are also a number of local initiatives that enhance what Quebec has to offer tourists.

It would appear that this type of tourist experience is particularly attractive to non-Quebeckers. In fact, visitor statistics from the Bonjour Québec.com site show that markets outside Québec have a greater tendency to opt for this type of product. Approximately one-third of site visitors overall are from outside the province, but this number climbs to nearly 60% when the topic is specifically tourist routes and circuits.

Quebec could actually take some inspiration from the Tourism Queensland initiative. For example, a comprehensive, planned strategy would give businesses wishing to develop a tourist route or circuit a procedure to follow. Such a strategy could also be used to organize a destination’s different themed attractions into separate centres of tourism, leading to more effective marketing on the global marketplace. Technological tools, shared strategies, unique routes—let your imaginations run wild!

Sources:

– Berki, Mónika and Janos Csapó. “Existing and future tourism potential and the geographical basis of thematic routes in south Transdanubia, Hungary,” University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Geography, Department of Tourism, 2007.

– Lourens, Marlien. “Route tourism: a roadmap for successful destinations and local economic development,” Development Southern Africa, Vol. 24, No. 3, September 2007.

– Rob Tonge & Associates, Queensland Heritage Trails Network, Queensland Government and Tourism Queensland. “Developing & Marketing Tourism Drive Routes”, June 2004.

– Rogerson, Christian. “Tourism Routes as Vehicles for Local Economic Development in South Africa: The Example of the Magaliesberg Meander,” Urban Forum, Vol. 18, No. 2, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2007.

– Zins Beauchesne and Associés. Agrotourisme : Diagnostic sectoriel/plan de développement et de commercialisation – Rapport d’analyse de la situation et diagnostic sectoriel, June 2006.

Websites:

– Route des vins de Bordeaux en Graves et Sauternes

– Terroir et Saveurs.com

– Tourisme GPS

– Tourisme Tarn

Catégories
Ailleurs dans le monde @en Products and activities Sustainable tourism

Does Environmentally Friendly Golf Exist?

As far as environmental responsibility is concerned, golf is neither ahead, nor behind other sectors, and it may take some time before it is considered as ‘responsible recreation’. Golf courses have a long history of being environmentally unfriendly, due to their high water and chemical use, impact on local topography, hydrology and wildlife.1

Nonetheless, golf remains an important activity across Québec’s 362 golf clubs, while worldwide an estimated 25,000 golf courses cater to some 50 million players. Internationally, various organizations and initiatives exist to reduce golf’s environmental impact, but one of the most popular remains the Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program. In 2009, 783 golf courses were certified by this program worldwide, including 82 in Canada and 11 in Québec.2

Golf courses that have implemented initiatives to reduce their environmental impact can be recognized by a variety of actions, including:

  • decreased water use
  • improved irrigation systems and water application
  • water quality monitoring
  • reduced or eliminated pesticide use
  • increased natural organic fertilizer use
  • improved spill containment for pesticide mixing and loading areas
  • decreased managed turf grass area to increase wildlife habitat
  • landscaping with native plants to increase wildlife habitats
  • removed exotic invasive plants
  • vegetation planted in and around waterways
  • installed of contained equipment in wash-off area.

Where such environmental actions have been implemented, golf course managers have generally also reported a positive business value or cost savings, according to Audubon International assessments.3

Situation in Québec

Currently, there is no information that systematically documents environmental improvements implemented by Québec golf courses. However, numerous golf courses are actively working towards reducing their negative environmental impact, while several are also in process of certification by Audubon International. The most prevalent positive environmental action presently in Québec remains the reduction of pesticide use, owing to legislation implemented back in 2003 by the Provincial Government.4 According to baseline assessments for the period 2003-2005, Québec’s golf sector used 39,382 kg of active ingredients per year (according to sales figures) and 75.9%, or 29,885 kg, in the form of fungicides.5 In comparison with total pesticide use in the Province, pesticide use by golf represented about 1.1% of the total. The continuous reductions in pesticide use remains important to maintain watershed ecosystem health, but especially since their application by golf courses in Québec occurs almost entirely on permeable soils.

Since 2003, the Québec Pesticides Management Code and its associated regulations require all Québec golf courses to submit a pesticide reduction plan prepared by a certified agronomist to the ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et des Parcs every three years.4 For the period 2006-2009, the objective was to achieve average reductions of 12.9% in the use of fungicides, 9.4% in herbicides, 8.2% in insecticides, 7.4% in rodenticides and 2.8% in growth regulators. The results are currently being analyzed and the objectives for the next three years will be revised in 2010.

Though golf courses in Québec have taken numerous other actions to improve their environmental management, the overall impact of these is not documented, with the exception of the Laurentides, where water use is monitored by public sector organizations. A few golf courses have also installed industrial equipment to filter, treat and reuse wastewater. However, such initiatives are limited to only a few places, since they cost up to CAD 200,000. Elsewhere, golf courses have exchanged their carts for electric versions, implemented recycling programs, and use recyclable or biodegradable balls and tees. Increasingly, some golf courses supply their restaurants with local and regional foods, as in the case of the Rawdon Golf Club, which also received Le Phénix de l’environnement Award in 2009 for having implemented a variety of initiatives to improve its environmental management.6

While there aren’t clearly any 100% eco-friendly golf courses, work is under way to improve management at some places. There is currently a move in Québec to implement a variety of voluntary initiatives in 2010. For example, the Association des terrains de golf du Québec is drafting a sustainable development policy and green program, which will address comprehensive environmental management requirements covering a range of issues, including waste and water management (composting, recycling), hazardous substance use, vegetation around waterways and others. A number of other organizations, such as the Coalition for Responsible Golf, are also working to help golf courses improve their environmental management practices in Québec.

What about green golfers?

Few studies have assessed golfers’ attitudes towards the environment, and none have been reported from Québec. However, in 2008, Golf Digest published a survey that illustrated how perceptions of 650 avid golfers compared with the general American population regarding golf and its relationship with the environment.7 According to this study, golfers were typically male, affluent and older than the general population surveyed and some similarities and differences were noted amongst the two groups concerning environmental attitudes. For example, both groups appeared environmentally conscious and participated in activities like recycling and agreed that government regulation is a necessary approach for addressing environmental issues. However, while golfers also appeared to support the idea that golf is an environmentally friendly/compatible sport, they were less likely than the general population to participate in initiatives such as carpooling. Figure 1 summarizes some of the attitudes towards specific impacts linked to water and pesticide use, which suggests that fewer golfers believe the game’s water and pesticide use has a negative impact on the environment than the general population. The Golf Digest study 7 also suggests that, while golfers agree with the need to improve the environmental management of golf courses, such improvement does not necessarily represent a big plus for increased participation in the game.

golf_vs_environnement1

Some golf courses are also focussing on player education to raise environmental awareness and several try to get players involved by having them volunteer to carry out restoration and environmental works, while others encourage the provision of financial support towards environment initiatives.

Golf clearly has the potential to be more environmentally responsible and the numerous initiatives in place by some golf courses currently leave no room for inaction by the great majority.

Source

(1) Wheeler, K. & Nauright, J. (2006). A green game?: A Global Perspective on the Environmental Impact of Golf. Sport in Society, 9(3) 427-443.

(2) Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program for Golf Courses

(3) Audubon International (2007). Golf’s Green Bottom Line: Uncovering the Hidden Business Value of Environmental Stewardship on Golf Courses. Audubon International. 64 p.

(4) Ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et des Parcs. Code de gestion des pesticides. Last access November 4, 2009 http://www.mddep.gouv.qc.ca/pesticides/permis/code-gestion/index.htm

(5) Laverdière, C., Dion, S., and Gauthier, F. (2007). Bilan des plans de réduction des pesticides sur les terrains de golf. Ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et des Parcs. 54 p.

(6) Ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et des Parcs. Les Phénix de l’environnement, édition 2009. Last access October 28, 2009. http://www.mddep.gouv.qc.ca/Phenix/2009/5-realisation-entrep.htm

(7) Golf Digest (2008). Golf and the Environment: Golfer Perceptions and Attitudes Concerning the Game and its Relationship with the Environment. Golf Digest Publication. Research Resource Centre. 25 p.

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Ailleurs dans le monde @en Products and activities Trends

International cruises: Outlook for 2010 and overview of major trends

Hit hard by the economic crisis, the year 2009 was, for many sectors of the tourism industry, a catastrophic year. For the cruise industry, however, it was a year in which the number of passengers actually grew, fuelled by major cuts to cruise fares. As for 2010, the outlook is very positive: new ships, new clienteles, an increase in reservations and higher product prices. Major trends are coming to the industry: Web 2.0, sustainable development and a more international clientele. Here is a brief overview of the industry and its short-term prospects.

Outlook for 2010

At a presentation given January 20, 2010, by Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA), Terry L. Dale and Richard E. Sasso, CLIA’s President & CEO, and Chairman, Marketing Committee, respectively, shared some forecasts for the year 2010. The number of passengers should reach 14.3 million, while there were 13.4 million in 2009. Fares will rise, but will remain lower than they were in 2008. The major deals offered during the winter of 2009 will not be repeated this year, but consumers will still be able to benefit from special promotions like shipboard credits, free plane ticket, 2 for 1 cruises, etc.

Cruise companies will launch 12 new ships in 2010, including the much anticipated Epic, Allure of the Seas and Disney Dream. A survey of CLIA member travel agents showed that they are extremely optimistic and expect to see the number of reservations rise in the next three years. In addition, according to another CLIA survey, 34 million Americans are planning to take a cruise some time between 2008 and 2011.

In other news, Alaska is experiencing tremendous difficulty because a majority of cruise lines have announced they will redeploy ships from Alaska to other locations in the next two years. If this trend continues, the Alaska Travel Industry Association expects the number of passengers to fall by 140,000 in 2010, dropping to a total of 860,000 travellers.

Web 2.0 influence growing

Most cruise lines now use social media on a daily basis in their marketing campaigns. One such example is Royal Caribbean’s launch of Oasis of the Seas in the fall of 2009.  The company started by setting up an entire Website devoted to the new ship where visitors could follow the progress of the construction in real time. Numerous videos were posted to the site, showing everything from the ship’s maiden voyage to a presentation of onboard activities. Furthermore, its risky passage underneath the Storebaelt Bridge in Denmark engendered enormous interest on the Web. The “Reporter at Sea” online contest was also organized to find citizen journalists to cover the launch. In total, the site received some 4.8 million unique visitors.

 

International_cruises

Source: http://www.oasisoftheseas.com/

Another extremely popular site is the blog written by John Heald, Senior Cruise Director, Carnival Cruise Lines. It is so successful that he was able to organize two thematic cruises in 2009, solely for his readers. Most cruise lines, as well as many ports of call, now maintain Twitter and Facebook profiles.

The trend towards sustainable cruising

Sustainable development is also becoming a major concern of consumers as well as cruise lines and destinations. Eco-cruising is increasingly popular and can significantly improve a destination’s market position. The Ecoventura, for example, is a ship that uses solar panels and wind turbines on its cruises in the Galapagos, and the ports of Los Angeles, Seattle and Vancouver now offer dockside power.

The phenomenon has also influenced the shore excursions developed. Costa Cruises created 240 eco-excursions to reduce its environmental impact. Furthermore, the Baltic Sea region has implemented a major environmental program. Among other things, it plans to equip all ports with an onshore power supply (OPS).

Finally, a major legislative change will force cruise lines to use low-sulphur diesel fuels when travelling within 200 nautical miles of the coasts of Canada and the United States (see Nouvelle réglementation sur la pollution de l’air par les compagnies de croisières: un désastre financier?). The industry is obviously concerned about the passage of this legislation, primarily for economic reasons such as the profitability of routes through the protected area, but also because of the limited availability of such fuels.

Changing products

Several indicators have changed somewhat in the last few years, due to the economic crisis. For example, consumers are now more price-sensitive when shopping for cruise packages so cruise lines are trying to outdo each other to create the most interesting packages. The phenomenon has also led destinations to offer economic incentives. Ukrainian ports are offering a 50% discount on port fees for every stopover during the winter of 2010. Price sensitivity is also the reason that there are now more ports of embarkation, since travellers increasingly want to be within driving distance of their departure location. In addition, the cruise booking window between the date of purchase and the date of departure has shortened, dropping from 5.6 months in 2008 to 4.6 in 2009.

Cruise passengers are increasingly experienced. They have sailed the Caribbean, visited Alaska and travelled along the West Coast of the United States. They are seeking new destinations, which is why the industry is currently witnessing the emergence of destinations in the Middle East, Southeast Asia and Australia. The increased popularity of European cruises is also an offshoot of this situation, with river cruising a booming market. Member agents of the CLIA report that 34% of clients are very interested in river cruising. In 2008, the number of beds available in Europe was 71,300, an increase of 15% compared to 2007 and 62% more compared to 2005.

Other trends observed are the popularity of theme cruises, primarily those focussed on food and wine, as well as the success of private and cultural shore excursions. A new type of excursion that is becoming popular is the extended “mid-cruise” excursion, which enables visitors to spend several days in a single location. Silversea Cruises has announced they will offer 40 such excursions in 2010.

An increasingly international clientele

The clientele for cruises is gradually becoming more diverse. Although the vast majority of cruise passengers are American, the proportion of those from other countries is rapidly rising. In fact, out of 13.4 million cruise passengers in 2009, 23.5% came from outside North America, compared to only 10% in 2000. Furthermore, more Canadians are going to sea; some 775,000 took a cruise in 2009, a 9% increase over 2008. Canadians now account for one-quarter of non-American cruise passengers.

Now that the worst of the economic crisis is over, forecasts for the coming years are very optimistic. The trends affecting the cruise industry are much the same as those affecting other tourism sectors: sustainable development, social media, increasingly informed and experienced consumers, etc. The industry has already proved it is resilient and can quickly adapt to change. Will the rest of us be able to go with the flow?

 

Article written for the Ministère du Tourisme intelligence gathering project.

Sources:

CLIA, Media Cruise Update, January 20, 2010, presentation.
CLIA, As a source of passengers and appealing cruise itineraries, Canada’s importance to cruise industry continues to grow.
CLIA, 2008 Cruise Market Profile Study.
European politics, Baltic Region: OPS for Sustainable Port Development, October 12, 2009.
http://www.travelweekly.com/article3_ektid206492.aspx
http://www.ecoventura.com/aboutus/ourgalapagoscommitment.aspx
http://www.expertcruiser.com/blog/mr-popular-carnival-announces-additional-bloggers-cruises-with-john-heald/
http://www.cruiseindustrynews.com/cruise-news/3530-1410-odessa-reducing-port-dues-in-2010.html

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Ailleurs dans le monde @en Products and activities

Trends in the short cruise market

Boat tours/cruises are still considered a « new » tourist product. Although Quebec’s industry is based on the star attraction of whale?watching, short cruises now represent one of the world’s most diversified product lines. The following report is an overview of the major trends characterizing this sector, an important vector for regional economic development.

The popularity of theme cruises

Companies offering short cruises continue to proliferate at a steady pace, offering a wide variety of products. Among the classic products are sunset cruises, dinner and fireworks, guided tours, boat dances and romantic suppers.

However, cruises are increasingly providing a forum for innovative activities involving role-playing, where passengers are invited to indulge other aspects of their personality and temporarily leave everyday life behind on the dock while they enjoy their time on the water. Theme cruises figure prominently in the array of nautical products offered in major North American and European cities. In addition to providing an original boating experience enabling participants to see the city from a different perspective, these tours offer access to a playful world where passengers become not just actors, but participants in the show. Among the more popular themes are casino cruises, treasure hunts and murder mysteries.

Other popular options are cruises featuring stories and history, whether local, national or international. Instead of passively observing an urban landscape, passengers participate and learn.

Enriching experiences

Professionals working in the short cruise market have recognized that their clientele has a need to escape the everyday, and seek adventure in the form of a relatively original tour. This has resulted in the use of ships that evoke the past or recreate an exotic locale. Steamboats, sailing ships and schooners are part of the heterogeneous fleet, rich in symbols, operated by this sector. There are even pirate ships, like Captain Memo’s Pirate Cruise in Florida.

Cruises give travellers a chance to familiarize themselves with local and ancestral cultures. For example, a growing number of cruise passengers are visiting Icy Strait Point, site of Hoonah, Alaska’s largest Tinglit village. This stop offers visitors contact with a culture in its natural environment.

Gourmet dining is also a key element in cruise products. As part of its river cruises in China, Viking River Cruises offers menus designed by internationally renowned chef Martin Yan.

Red Balloon Days, an Australian company specialized in original gifts, organizes the Massage & Beauty Cruise on Sydney Harbour. This three-hour cruise includes a full-body massage, a facial massage and other services devoted to relaxation and pampering.

Another Australian outfit, Captain Cook Cruises, offers dinner cruises on Sydney Harbour, featuring a recital of opera singers performing famous arias.

Something for everyone

Cruise companies are now trying to attract clienteles that they had previously tended to ignore. This has given rise to cruises targeting specific segments (gays/lesbians, families, singles, nudists, and others).

Businesspeople are one of the market segments targeted by short river cruises. Brunches, meetings, business meals, employee incentives and company parties are just some of the occasions when companies call in specialists to design activities and services especially for their needs. Organized according to various themes, these cruises rely on the cramped nature of boats to facilitate team-building.

A large number of companies offering short cruises also target the family market. No longer content to attract couples with the lure of romanticism, they would also like to position their products as true family activities: educational and fun for the kids, organized yet relaxing for the parents.

Building on the fun and festive aspect, companies are combining the nautical with the musical (live bands, DJs, karaoke, etc.), dancing (balls, salsa nights, etc.) or special events (Halloween, Oktoberfest, Mardi Gras, proms, etc.) as they aim for a younger, dynamic clientele.

Enhanced by experts

Boat tour/cruise companies try to differentiate their products by calling on renowned experts or hiring staff specialized in the natural and social environments visited. This creates products enhanced with a note of professionalism, like the following examples:

  • Companies who belong to the Niche Cruise Marketing Alliance hire experts (historians, geographers, zoologists, anthropologists, etc.) for their cruises so they can share their knowledge with passengers.
  • Quark Expeditions has invited author Jennifer Niven to participate in one of its cruises. The company organizes the Russia’s Far East & Wrangel Island cruise, which visits the places described by the writer in two of her novels. The cruise is an opportunity for passengers to learn about the history brought to life in her novels.
  • Clipper Cruise Line, a US company, offers cruises which tour sites of major 20th-century battles involving American soldiers. Whether in the Mediterranean, on Europe’s Atlantic coast, in the Pacific or in Vietnam, passengers are invited to relive these battles with the guidance of historians and experts in these periods of history.

Development of port areas

Around the world, some long-abandoned port areas are starting to attract the attention of developers. Since the downtown areas of major North American and European cities naturally tend to have limited open space, former industrial areas, and ports in particular, offer a lot of potential for new developments and neighbourhoods. Sometimes very large in size, they can accommodate ambitious, multi-functional development plans. In addition, areas located near the water are naturally attractive, meaning that development plans can be designed to accommodate both residential areas and recreational activities.

This is the approach adopted by cities like Boston and Toronto, who are merely following the successful projects initiated by many cities, particularly those in Europe. When Barcelona redeveloped its seafront in preparation for the 1992 Olympic Games, it was a pioneer in this field. Deciding to fully embrace its position on the ocean, the city completely reinvented its urban landscape and created a space where culture, city life, and commercial and marine activities could live in harmony.

Some recent practices may lead to a new perception of what constitutes a cruise ship’s home port. In Moscow, for example, when the Volga River freezes in the winter and is closed to navigation, the Volga Flot company engages in a form of « seasonal recycling » and uses one of its ships trapped at the dock as a hotel.

Source:
Chair in Tourism, UQAM School of Business Administration. « Étude de l’offre récréotouristique nautique et portuaire dans les centres urbains, » March 2006.

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Are senior travellers really so different?

The tourism industry has been watching closely as aging baby-boomers gradually shift into the seniors category. And with good reason because, for all that it requires special treatment, this category has undeniable appeal. However, an informed approach to the senior market must be rooted in an understanding of its behaviours. Research shows this market is not a homogenous one; certain segments are more profitable than others.

Why target the senior market?

Demographics is one of the few fields capable of generating fairly reliable forecasts. Here are a few interesting statistics concerning the senior (50 +) market:

  • In the United States, a baby-boomer becomes a senior every 8.4 seconds;
  • People born in 1950 live 20 years longer than those born in 1900;
  • In 2025, there will be 63 million Americans over 65 years old;
  • Florida currently has the highest concentration of people over 65, and will continue to do so until 2025;
  • In 2025, 30% of the French population (over 16 million people) will be over 60 years old;
  • Given current demographic trends, there will soon be more grandparents than there are young people;
  • On average, seniors spend more than any other population segment on a variety of consumer goods, one of which is travel;
  • In 2001, more than 50% of Americans between the ages of 50 and 64 were using the Internet.

William S. Reece (West Virginia University) studied the senior market by isolating specific sociodemographic variables likely to have a positive or negative impact on senior demand for travel. He based his findings on two sample groups: one consisting of senior American leisure travellers (average age: 69) and another one of non-senior travellers (average age: 40).

Certain variables can have a greater or lesser impact on seniors’ demand for travel. Study findings revealed that propensity to travel varied between groups of individuals that were defined by a specific variable. Thus, 40-year-olds with an annual household income between $75,000 and $100,000 are more likely to travel than seniors in the same income category.

The accompanying figure shows the extent of each factor’s influence. The orange arrow (1.96+) marks the point beyond which the variables become significant. Only two criteria reach that threshold: the distance from residence to destination, and the type of residence (house). Based on these variables, seniors show a markedly greater demand for travel than people in their 40s. One possible explanation for this is that older consumers generally have fewer financial obligations: 80% of Americans over 65 are home-owners, and 80% of that group are no longer paying off a mortgage. As for the other criteria, the differences are not great enough to be deemed significant.

The study’s author rejects the idea that senior travellers behave the same as other travellers, although the differences are not as marked as one might have expected. However, the results do show that older people travel further than the average.

The term « baby-boomers » refers to people in the 40- to 60-year age bracket. Within that group, those over 50 are called « young seniors. » Even though their demand for travel may – by and large – be the same as that of their older counterparts, their reasons for travelling are significantly different. According to Lalia Rach of the Tisch Center for Hospitality, understanding the new reality for seniors is key to grasping their influence on the tourism industry.

The new generation of 50+ seniors was born in the 1950s and lived through the dramatic social changes of the 60s. As a result, people in this consumer segment no longer conform to the stereotype of an elderly stay-at-home. Inaccurate assumptions about seniors abound:

  • They are brand loyal;

  • They are not comfortable with technology;

  • They prefer organized travel (such as senior tours);

  • They prefer activities geared towards older people;

  • They retire at 65;

  • They live a slow-paced lifestyle.

The 50-year-old senior is much more likely to be:

  • highly educated;

  • completely independent;

  • experiencing a sort of personal awakening;

  • living a fast-paced lifestyle;

  • able to enjoy life on their own terms;

  • eager to make choices;excited to learn.

Strategic Approaches

These days, tourists in the over-50 set are more adventurous than ever. According to a survey of UK residents conducted by NOP World, seniors are now choosing far-flung destinations over the traditional beach holiday, with roughly 65% expressing the desire to go on a safari. The survey also showed that fully two-thirds of individuals over 50 find they are still able to enjoy all aspects of life. Tourism products and marketing strategies need to reflect that reality.

Certain industries are ahead of the game in this area, offering innovative equipment that allows older people to keep practicing their chosen sport for longer. Skiers can wear the much more comfortable soft boot (see illustration), and golfers can use the «Big Bertha» club (see illustration), enabling them to hit a long, straight shot with less effort.

Senior_travellers_image1

Advertising campaigns have not adapted to certain aspects of the aging boomers’ sociodemographic profile (for example, 31% of this group are single). Destinations should make a point of showing photos of radiant older people in their advertising material. Seniors have never felt so youthful ? roughly 63% say they feel younger than their actual age, and they want to see that perception acknowledged when they purchase a product. To win over this market segment, be prepared to do the following:offer them a product that is simple, yet original;

  • provide an activity that others are unwilling or unable to offer;
  • don’t try pigeonhole them;
  • encourage them to get involved;
  • offer an experience, not a product;
  • guide but do not manage them;
  • build in frequent breaks and rest stops.

Advertising messages aimed at seniors must be pitched in such a way that they target them without pandering to blatant stereotypes. Seniors do not want to be thought of as ?old,? or consumer automatons. Merchants take note: the following terms are to be avoided when speaking of seniors: golden agers, the elderly, senior citizens, retirees, the grey rinse set, etc.

Companies will have to adapt their approach to the new reality. Golden age discounts can stay, but they should be renamed ?specials for 60+ customers,? in order not to stigmatize those who use them. Finally, managers should be constantly evaluating their products or services for signs that they are no longer relevant to an aging clientele.

Sources:

– Direction du Tourisme de France – Département de la Stratégie, de la Prospective, de l’Évaluation et des Statistiques. «Les pratiques touristiques des seniors en 2003», octobre 2004.
– Littrell, Mary A., Rosalind C. Paige et Kun Song. «Senior travellers: Tourism activities and shopping behaviours», Journal of Vacation Marketing, vol. 10, no 4, 12 mai 2004.
– Outburst Advertising/Marketing News. «Why Target the Senior Market?», octobre 2004.
– Rach, Lalia. «The Aging Society: Realities and Perspectives Impacting the Travel Industry», 18th Annual Governors Conference on Travel & Tourism, 29-30 mars 2005.
– Reece, William S. «Are Senior Leisure Traveler Different?», Journal of Travel Research, vol. 43, août 2004.